1. What is a markup language?
Markup languages are designed for presentation of text in
different formats, and it can also be used for transporting and storing data.
This markup language specifies the code for formatting, layout and style of
data .This markup code is called Tag.
HTML and XML are examples of Markup Language.
2. What is XML?
XML is called Extensible Markup Language which is designed to
carry or transport and store data. XML tags are not as predefined as HTML, but
we can define our own user tags for simplicity. It mainly concentrates on
storing of data, not on displaying of data.
3. What are the features of XML?
Main features of XML are:
• Very easy to learn and implement
• XML files are text files, and no editor is required
• Minimal and a limited number of syntax rules in XML
• It is extensible, and it specifies that structural rules of
tags
4. What are the differences between HTML and XML?
Following are the differences between HTML and XML:
HTML
|
XML
|
Markup language used to display data
|
Markup language used to store data
|
Case Insensitive
|
Case sensitive
|
Designing web pages
|
Used to transport and store data
|
Predefined Tags
|
Custom Tags
|
Does not Preserve white spaces
|
Preserve white spaces
|
Static
|
Dynamic
|
5. Which tag is used to find the version of XML and the syntax?
Declaring the XML version is very important for each XML
document and platform needs to be specified in which it is running.
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<?xml version=”1.1”
encoding=”|ISO-8859-1|”?>
|
6. What is XML DOM Document?
XML Document object represents the whole XML document, and it is
the root of a document tree. It gives access to entire XML document – Nodes and
Elements, and it has its own properties.
7. What is XPath?
XPath is used to find information in an XML document and
contains standard functions. XPath is the major element in XSLT, and it is w3c
recommendation.
8. What is an attribute?
An attribute provides more or additional information about an
element than otherwise.
Example –
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<Person name=”Peter”>
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Attribute name can be given to an element person.
9. Can we have empty XML tags?
Yes, we can have empty tags in XML. Empty tags are used to
indicate elements that have no textual content. Empty tags can be represented
as
1
2
3
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<person></person>
<person/>
|
10. What are the advantages of XML DOM Document?
Advantages of XML DOM:
• XML structure is traversable, and it can be randomly accessed
by traversing the tree.
• XML structure is modifiable, and values can be added, changed
and removed
11. What are the basic rules while writing XML?
These are the basic rules while writing XML:
• All XML should have a root element
• All tags should be closed
• XML tags are case sensitive
• All tags should be nested properly
• Tag names cannot contain spaces
• Attribute value should appear within quotes
• White space is preserved
12. What is XML Element?
An XML document contains XML Elements, and it starts from an
element’s start tag to end tag. It can contain:
• Other elements within main element
• An Attribute
• text
13. What is CDATA?
CDATA is unparsed character data that cannot be parsed by the
XML parser. Character < and > are illegal in XML elements. CDATA section
starts with <![CDATA[“ and end with “]]>”.
14. How comment can be represented in XML?
Comment can be represented as <!- – comments – -> as like
HTML. This comment symbol is applicable for single or multiple lines.
15. What are XML Namespaces?
XML namespaces are used to avoid element name conflicts, and it
can be avoided by using prefix before the name.
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