Wednesday 25 April 2018

Zend Framework Interview Questions

Ques 1. What is a framework?
Ans. In software development, a framework is a defined support structure in which another software project can be organized and developed.
=> An abstract design
=> Set of common functionality
=> Developed for a particular domain

Ques 2. Why should we use framework?

Ans. Framework is a structured system
=> Source codes become more manageable
=> Easy to extend features
=> Rapid application development

Ques 3. Configuration in Zend Framework, application.ini file?

Ans. Configuration can be done in application.ini file in Zend framework. This file in the path application/configs/application.ini.

Ques 4. Checking whether form posted or not in Zend framework?

Ans.  if($this->getRequest()->isPost()){ echo "Form posted"; }

Ques 5. Does Zend Framework support PHP 4?

Ans. No. Zend Framework was built to use all of the sophisticated object oriented features of PHP 5 and take advantage of significant performance and security enhancements.

Ques 6. What is Bootstrapping?

Ans. Many PHP applications funnel server requests into a single (or few) PHP source file that sets up the environment and configuration for the application, manages sessions and caching, and invokes the dispatcher for their MVC framework. They can do more, but their main job is to take care of the consistent needs of every page of a web application.
In our Blueprint for PHP Applications, we will have a core bootstrapper that receives all dynamic requests for an application and applies a template for application behavior that we can later extend. It will allow us to later customize the functionality for each unique application.

Ques 7. What is zend engine?

Ans. Zend Engine is used internally by PHP as a complier and runtime engine. PHP Scripts are loaded into memory and compiled into Zend opcodes.

Ques 8. What is zend engine in PHP?

Ans. Zend engine is like a virtual machine and is an open source, and is known for its role in automating the web using PHP. Zend is named after its developers Zeev and Aandi. Its reliability, performance and extensibility has a significant role in increasing the PHP’s popularity. The Zend Engine II is the heart of PHP 5. It is an open source project and freely available under BSD style license.

Ques 9. what is routing and how it's work?

Ans. Zend_Controller_Router_Rewrite is the standard framework router. Routing is the process of taking a URI endpoint (that part of the URI which comes after the base URL) and decomposing it into parameters to determine which module, controller, and action of that controller should receive the request. This values of the module, controller, action and other parameters are packaged into a Zend_Controller_Request_Http object which is then processed by Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard. Routing occurs only once: when the request is initially received and before the first controller is dispatched.

Zend_Controller_Router_Rewrite is designed to allow for mod_rewrite-like functionality using pure PHP structures. It is very loosely based on Ruby on Rails routing and does not require any prior knowledge of webserver URL rewriting. It is designed to work with a single Apache mod_rewrite rule.

Ques 10. What are Plugins in zend framework?

Ans. • Triggered by front controller events
• Events bookend each major process of the front controller
• Allow automating actions that apply globally
Creating Plugins:
• Extend Zend_Controller_Plugin_Abstract
• Extend one or more of the event methods

Ques 11. Zend_Cache provides a generic way to cache any data.

Ans. Caching in Zend Framework is operated by frontends while cache records are stored through backend adapters (File, Sqlite,Memcache...) through a flexible system of IDs and tags. Using those, it is easy to delete specific types of records afterwards (for example: "delete all cache records marked with a given tag").
The core of the module (Zend_Cache_Core) is generic, flexible and configurable. Yet, for your specific needs there are cache frontends that extend Zend_Cache_Core for convenience: Output, File, Function and Class.

Ques 12. Difference between Zend_Registry and Zend_Session?

Ans. The basic difference between these objects is the ‘scope’ in which they are valid:

a) Zend_Registry : request scope
b) Zend_Session : session scope

a) Zend_Registry is used to store objects/values for the current request. In short, anything that you commit to Registry in index.php can be accessed from other controllers/actions (because EVERY request is first routed to the index.php bootstrapper via the .htaccess file). Config parameters and db parameters are generally prepped for global use using the Zend_Registry object.

b) Zend_Session actually uses PHP sessions. Data stored using Zend_Session can be accessed in different/all pages. So, if you want to create a variable named ‘UserRole’ in the /auth/login script and want it to be accessible in /auth/redirect, you would use Zend_Session.

Ques 13. When do we need to disable layout?

Ans. At the time of calling AJAX to fetch we need to disable layout.
$this->_helper->layout()->disableLayout();
$this->_helper->viewRenderer->setNoRender(true);

Ques 14. Where is the model in ZF’s MVC implementation?

Ans. The model component can vary dramatically in responsibilities and data store from one MVC application to the next.

Ques 15. How to call two different views from same action?

Ans. Example1:
Public function indexAction() {
If(condition)
$this->render(‘yourview.phtml’);
Else
Index.phtml;

Example2:
Public function indexAction() {
}
Now in your index.phtml you can have this statement to call other view
$this->action(‘action name’,’controller name’,’module name’,array(‘parameter name’=>’parameter value’));

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